Your Septic System And Your Lake

By Art Grindle

Out of sight, out of mind. That's how most of us think about our septic systems (if we think of them at all, that is). And that's okay, most of the time.

But if your septic system is not working properly, it is probably polluting your lake whether you live on the shoreline or not. In fact, according to Maine DEP, inadequate septic systems account for 5-10% of all phosphorus that reaches some lakes. That is a conservative estimate but still a significant number and totally preventable. What can we do as watershed citizens to prevent this pollution? I'm glad you asked.

Even if properly maintained, septic systems will generally work effectively for only 15 to 25 years. If your system is old (20+ years), consider replacing it in the near future, or at least have it professionally inspected. To help protect against premature failure you should do the following:

Know the exact location of your leach field, and keep it free from root growth and parked vehicles.
Have your septic tank pumped out every 3 to 5 years, or more frequently for larger families.
Conserve water. Too much water in a septic system may cause solid wastes to flow into and clog leach fields.
Stagger laundry days. Too much water can shock-load your system and cause a premature failure.
Don't use a garbage disposal.
Don't dispose of coffee grounds, cigarettes, paper towels or diapers in the waste water system. They can clog it.
Never dispose of chemicals like paint or petroleum products through drains or toilets.
Collect cooking grease in a can and toss it in the trash, never down the drain.
Limit the use and disposal of bleach, disinfectants, and other harsh chemicals. They can harm the bacteria that allow the system to function properly.
Don't use septic system cleaners or additives.
Use a temporary portable toilet for large parties and gatherings.

Be on the lookout for signs of system failure, such as:

Sewage odor near the septic system.
Standing water over the tank or leach field.
Slow running drains and toilets.
A patch of bright green grass growing above the system.

Unfortunately, systems that are directly polluting nearby surface waters with no visible signs of failure are much harder to identify. Old systems that are located in shallow or sandy soil are of greatest concern. Before purchasing property with a septic system, ask for documentation on the system design and location. Inspect the system location, looking for signs of failure. If it was installed before 1974, consider replacing it.

Not only does a poorly maintained septic system pollute lakes and streams, it can also lead to unexpected expenses when the owner is forced to make repairs. And you don't want to be the one responsible for the lake turning green in summer. Remember, we all live a watershed.

Art Grindle works for the Kennebec County Soil & Water Conservation District in Augusta. He can be reached at 622-7847 x3.

Summertime in the Belgrades

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Your Septic System And Your Lake